Greece PowerPoint!

Today in class Mr.Schick read us a story about Greece. Using the PowerPoint we made each of us talked about what part we did. 

Notes: 

----> Persian Empire 

• The Persian Empire was the Greatest empire the ancient world has seen.
• Cyrus was one of the best Persian kings, and conquered a lot of other empires.
• The Greeks did not like the Persians because the Persians drafted them into their army.
• The Greeks got tired of this and started calling war councils.  The Persian Empire responded by taking down their cities.  They were very powerful.

-----> Ionia 

• The ancient region of central coastal Anatolia in present-day Turkey.
•  The city of Ionia was founded by colonists from the other side of the Aegean.
• A large part of the area was covered in mountains.
• None of the mountains were larger that 4,000 feet.
• It had three extremely fertile valleys that rivers ran though.
• Its very strategic. 

--->  Barbadians 

• a fierce, brutal, insensitive, uncultured, and cruel person

---> Cyrus the Great

• The name "Cyrus" means "sun-like" in the Greek version of the Old Persian 
• He was "father of the Iranian nation", and was the first world leader to be referred to as "The Great".
• Cyrus found the first world empire after defeating the Median dynasty and uniting the Medes with the other major Iranian tribe, the Persians.
• After he died, his two sons ruled the throne; Cambyses I and Arsames.
• The Cyrus cylinder was discovered in 1878CE at the site of Babylon. It includes a detailed account by Cyrus of his conquest of Babylon in 539BCE and his subsequent humane treatment of his conquered subjects.

----> Darius the Great 

• Born: 521 BC
• Died: Oct - 486 BC
• Cause of Death: Unknown...
• Occupation: Royalty

• He was the King of Persia since 521-486 BC. 
• He was known to be one of the greatest rulers of the Achaemenid dynasty. 
•  He attempted several times to conquer Greece. His fleet was destroyed by a storm in 492 and the Athenians defeated his army at Marathon in 490.

----> Marathon

• The date may have been August or September 12 490 B.C.

•  Greeks left their mainland and ended up in Ionia 

• Ionia was later takenover by Persia
• The Greeks didn't like the way the Persians ruled and they broke out in battle

• The Battle of Marathon is part of the Persian Wars, which lasted till 449 B.C.

• Persians landed on the Greek  land of Marathon

• The Greeks won by encircling the Persian forces.
•  This was an important event because it was the first victory in the Persian Wars. 
• This was the first victory for the Greeks
• They were out numbered and on foreign group, but they won because they had a better strategy. 

---> Xerxes 

• Xerxes was the king of Persia in 486 B.C.
•  When he came into power he started to plan to invade Greece.
• In 480 B.C. he had finally assembled his army to invade Greece
• His army included: about 100,000 to 180,000 men, and a fleet of about 600 ships. (Biggest Army)
• He planned to invade Greece first by land, then by sea.

----> Bridge of Hellespont 

• Xerxes commanded boats to latch together to create this bridge
• It was used for Xerxes' men to cross from Asia to Europe
• His plan was to invade Greece
•  It was destroyed in a huge storm 
•  Xerxes ordered the Hellespont to be whipped three hundred times and had fetters thrown into the waters, whatever that means?

----> Leonidas

• Born around 540 BC
• Died 7 August 480 BC
• Leonidas was one of the few Spartan kings to have ever undergone the notoriously harsh training of Spartan youth.
• He was a hero-king of Sparta. 
• Leonidas was elected to lead the combined Greek forces determined to resist the Persian invasion in 481.
• He formed a small army of about 4,000-7,000 men, where Leonidas was in command, that began the beginning of the Battle of Thermopylae.
• The election of Leonidas to lead the defense of Greece against Xerxes' invasion led to Leonidas' death in the Battle of Thermopylae in 480 BC.

----> Herodotus 

• Herodotus was a Greek Historian.
• He was known as the "Father of History"
• He was born in Halicarnassus, Caria. Which is modern day Bodrum, Turkey.
• He lived during 484 b.c. through 425 b.c.
•  He was the first historian to collect materials systematically, and test for the accuracy and arrange them in well made and detailed.
•  He was mostly known for his record of the "inquiry". It was an investigation of the Greco-Persian wars and it included the wealth of geographics and ethnographics (scientific meaning of human nature) information .
•  Some of the stories Herodotus wrote were not completely true he told the people "He only wrote what he heard". 

----> Thermopylae

- The Battle of Thermopylae was fought between an alliance of Greek city-states (Sparta), and the Persian Empire of Xerxes I over the course of three days, during the second Persian invasion of Greece

 - It took place simultaneously with the naval battle at Artemisium, in August or September 480 BC, at the pass of Thermopylae

 - The Persian invasion was a delayed response to the defeat of the first Persian invasion of Greece, which had been ended by the Athenian victory at the Battle of Marathon

 - Xerxes had amassed a huge army and navy, and set out to conquer all of Greece

 - A Greek force of approximately 7,000 men marched north to block the pass in the summer of 480 BC
----> Sparta 

• It was a prominent city-state in ancient Greece.
• Because of its srtong military, its military, it was recognized as the leaader of all Greeks forces